Charge forming device



July 14, 1970 R. L. CHESKEY 3,520,520

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed Sept. 18, 1968 2 Sheets-Sheet l Fig.

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United States Patent "ice 3,520,520 CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Robert L.Cheskey, Cochranton, Pa., assignor of forty percent to C.H. & C.R.Enterprises, Inc., a corporation of Pennnsylvania Filed Sept. 18, 1968,Ser. No. 760,485 Int. Cl. F02m 19/04 U.S. Cl. 26141 6 Claims ABSTRACT OFTHE DISCLOSURE A body defining an air and fuel mixture passage extendingtherethrough with variable air valve means operatively associated withthe passage for controlling the flow of air through the passage. Aliquid fuel chamber is supported from the body and includes a fuel inletand a fuel outlet opening into the air and fuel mixture passage. Also, ametering sleeve is disposed in the fuel chamber with one outlet endportion registered with and opening into the inlet end of the fueloutlet passage and a tubular fuel jet is rotatably disposed in thesleeve. The tubular fuel jet and sleeve are provided with longitudinallyextending and registrable openings formed through wall portions thereofand liquid fuel fiow from the fuel chamber into the air and fuel mixturepassage through the outlet passage of the fuel chamber leading into theair and fuel mixture passage is controlled by variable registry of theopenings formed in the sleeve and the fuel jet.

The charge forming device of the instant invention has been designedprimarily for providing a means of accurately producing an air and fuelmixture of proper ratio throughout a given range of air and fuel mixturefiow through the charge forming device. The device has been specificallydesigned for use in forming a proper air and fuel mixture for vehicularinternal combustion engines. However, as will be readily apparent fromthe simplicity of construction and operation to be hereinafter morefully set forth the charge forming device is also particularly welladapted to provide air and fuel mixtures for different purposes.

The main object of this invention is to provide an apparatus capable ofmore accurately controlling the formation of an air and fuel mixturethroughout a predetermined range of air and fuel mixture flow.

Another object of this invention is to provide a charge forming devicewhich is particularly well adapted for use in connection with theformation of proper air and fuel mixtures for vehicular internalcombustion engines.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a charge formingdevice in accordance with the preceding objects and which, because ofits capability of more precisely forming an air and fuel mixture ofcorrect ratio, will afford increased fuel economy, greater power andless tendency to support the formation of smog due to excessive amountsof unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust of an associated internalcombustion engine.

A final object of this invention to be specifically enumerated herein isto provide a charge forming device in accordance with the precedingobjects which will conform to conventional forms of manufacture, be ofsimple construction and easy to service so as to provide a device thatwill be economically feasible, long lasting and relatively trouble-freein maintenance.

These together with other objects and advantages which will becomesubsequently apparent reside in the details of construction andoperation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein3,520,520 Patented July 14, 1970 like numerals refer to like partsthroughout, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of an internal combustionengine with which the charge forming device of the instant invention isoperatively associated;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially upona plane passing through the right hand portion of FIG. 1 and as seenfrom the right hand portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view takensubstantially upon the plane indicated by the section line 33 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially uponthe plane indicated by the section line 4-4 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially uponthe plane indicated by the section line 5-5 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal sectional view takensubstantially upon the plane indicated by the section line 66 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view similar to FIG. 3 but with somedetails of the charge forming device omitted and including adiagrammatic representation of the fuel lines operatively associatedwith the charge forming device;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially upona plane passing through the fuel metering valve of the charge formingdevice with the relatively rotatable portions of the metering valve inrelative positions blocking the flow of fuel therethrough;

' FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 but with the relatively rotatableportions of the metering valve in relative positions affording minimumflow of fuel therethrough;

FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIGS. 8 and 9 but with the relativelyrotatable portions of the metering valve positioned to affordsubstantially maximum flow of fuel therethrough;

FIG. 11 is a fragmentary elevational view of the tubular fuel jetportion of the metering valve; and

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially upon theplane indicated by the section line 1212 of FIG. 10.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings, the numeral 10generally designates an internal combustion engine of the conventionalautomotive type including an intake manifold referred to in general bythe reference numeral 14 having a carburetor mounting boss 16 thereon.The charge forming device of the instant invention is generally referredto by the reference numeral 18 and includes a body referred to ingeneral by the reference numeral 20 consisting of upper and lowersections 22 and 24 removably secured together in any convenient mannersuch as by fasteners (not shown). The lower section 24 includes amounting flange 26 which is secured to the mounting boss 16 in aconventional manner by means of fasteners 28 and the upper section 22includes an air inlet neck 30 upon which a conventional air cleanerassembly referred to in general by the reference numeral 32 is mounted.

The body 20 defines a first air and fuel mixture passage 34 extendingvertically therethrough whose upper inlet end 36 opens upwardly into theinlet neck 30 and whose outlet end 38 opens downwardly into the air andfuel passage 40 formed in the mounting boss portion 16 of the intakemanifold 14.

A butterfly air valve plate 42 is mounted on a control shaft 44journaled in the body 12. The plate 42 is supported from one end of thecontrol shaft 44 which extends diametrically of the passage 34 and theother end of the 3 control shaft 44 extends outwardly from the body 20and has a lever arm 46 secured thereto as well as a pair of parallellever arms 48.

The body 20 includes a hollow fuel chamber 50 through which the controlshaft 44 extends and which has a fiexible diaphragm 52 of resilientmaterial therein dividing the chamber 50 into an upper section 54 and alower section 56. The lower section 56 is sealed and has any suitableatmosphere disposed therein.

The upper section 54 includes a fuel outlet opening 58 which opens intothe upper section 54 at its inlet end and outwardly into the passage 34at its outlet end. A tubular stationary sleeve 60 is secured in andextends transversely of the upper section 54 and has one end thereofregistered with the fuel outlet opening 58. In addition, a fuel jetshaft 62 is journaled from the body 20 and includes a hollow end portionrotatably received through the sleeve 60 and includes a hollow taperedor pointed end 64 which projects into the fuel outlet opening 58. Theend of the fuel jet shaft 62 remote from the pointed end 64 is rotatablyreceived through the body 20 and includes an outer end portion having alever arm 66 mounted thereon in vertical registry with and connected tothe lever arm 46 through a connecting link 68 whose opposite ends arepivotally connected to the free ends of the lever arms 46 and 66.

The fuel chamber 50 includes a fuel inlet opening 70 which is internallythreaded and has one end of a fuel line 80 secured therein by means of asuitable fitting 82. The fuel line 80 extends to a suitable source (notshown) of fuel and has a pump 84 disposed therein as well as a one-waycheck valve 86. A bypass line 88 is provided and its inlet end iscommunicated with the line 80 downstream from the pump 84 and its outletline is communicated with the line 80 upstream from the pump 84. Thebypass line 88 has a pressure release valve 90 disposed therein and isoperative to recirculate liquid fuel back to the pump 84 in the eventfuel pressure beyond a predetermined pressure is present in the line 80downstream from the pump 84.

The body 20 also defines an idle fuel chamber 92 on the side of thepassage 334 remote from the chamber 50 and the chamber 92 has adiaphragm 94 similar to the diaphragm 52 disposed therein which dividesthe chamber 92 into an upper section 96 and a lower section 94. Theupper section 96 is sealed and filled with a suitable atmosphere and afuel 98 has its inlet end communicated with the line 80 intermediate theinlet end of the bypass line 88 and the one-way check valve 86. Theoutlet end of thef line 98 opens into the lower section 94 of thechamber 92.

The lower section 94 of the chamber 92 is communicated with the passage34 through a fuel jet orifice element 100 with which an idle jet needlevalve member 102 is operatively associated. The idle jet needle valvemember 102 is threadedly supported from the body 20 and includes apointed end 104 which may be moved into and out of seated engagementwith the fuel jet orifice element 100 by rotation of the valve member102 in the threaded bore 106 of the body 20 in which the valve member102 is threadedly engaged.

A connecting fitting 108 is connected between the free ends of the leverarms 48 and one end of the core 110 of a Bowden cable assembly referredto in general by the reference numeral 112 is anchored through theconnecting fitting 108 whereby longitudinal shifting of the core 110will cause the lever arms 48, the control shaft 44, the lever arms 46and 66 and the shaft 62 to oscillate.

With attention now invited more specifically to FIGS. 8-12 of thedrawings it may be seen that the sleeve 60 has a longitudinallyextending slot 114 formed in one wall portion thereof and that the slot114 is of greater transverse width at its end remote from the pointedend 64 of the fuel jet shaft 62. In addition, it may be seen from FIGS.9-l2 that the hollow end portion of the fuel jet shaft 62 includes alongitudinally extending slot 116 formed therein and which is of greatertransverse dimension at its end adjacent the pointed end 64 of the fueljet shaft 62.

The fuel jet shaft 62 is rotatable relative to the sleeve 60 and theopening 116 may be moved into and out of selected registry with theopening 114 whereby the flow of fuel from the upper section 54 of thefuel chamber 52 into the interior of the hollow end of the fuel jetshaft 62 may be varied. The fuel within the chamber 50 is under pressureand substantially the same pressure is maintained within the hollow endof the fuel jet shaft 62 when the openings 114 and 116 are in partialregistry with each other and therefore liquid fuel is sprayed outwardlythrough the small orifice 118 defined at the apex of the pointed end 64.This liquid fuel is of course jetted into the passage 34 for mixturewith the air entering the passage 34 from the air cleaner 32 before theair passes the plate 42.

While the orifice 116 is obviously smaller than the effectivecross-sectional areas of the registered portions of the openings 114 and116 illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10 of the drawings, the cross-sectionalareas of the registered portions of the openings 114 and 116 doescontrol the rate of fuel flow into the interior of the hollow end of thefuel jet shaft 62 and therefore variation in the registry of theopenings 114 and 116 will change the amount of liquid fuel that isjetted outwardly from the interior of the pointed end 64 of the fuel jetshaft 62 into the passage 34. Of course, the diaphragms 52 and 94 areprovided to modulate any pulses in fuel pressure caused by the pump 84and the valve member 102 may be adjusted as desired to provide thedesired amount of fuel for idling purposes. Also, the one-way checkvalve 86 is provided to prevent fuel under pressure within the chamber50 from flowing backward through the line 80, into the line 98 and theninto the chamber 92 when operation of the associated internal combustionengine is terminated.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A charge forming device comprising a body defining a first air andfuel mixture passage extending therethrough and adapted to comprise aportion of the air and fuel intake passages of a combustion apparatus,said body including adjustable variable air valve means operativelyassociated with said passage for controlling the flow of air throughsaid passage, a liquid fuel chamber supported from said body to one sideof said passage and including a wall portion common with said passages,said chamber also including a fuel inlet and a second fuel outletpassage extending through said common wall portion and whose outlet endopens into said first passage, a metering sleeve disposed in said fuelchamber with one outlet end portion registered with an opening into theinlet end of said second passage, said sleeve having a first fuelmetering opening formed through one wall thereof, a tubular fuel jetrotatably disposed in said sleeve and having a second fuel meteringopening formed through one wall thereof and a first open end portiondisposed in said one end portion, said first and second openings, uponrotation of said jet relative to said sleeve having different areasthereof in registry with each other to vary the effectivecross-sectional area of the fuel passage defined thereby communicatingsaid chamber with the interior of said jet, said jet including a hollowopen-ended tapered outlet end portion extending through the outlet endportion of said sleeve and at least to the outlet end of said secondpassage for direct discharge of fuel therefrom directly into said firstpassage, said fuel chamber including an interiorly disposed fluidimpervious flexible diaphragm constructed of resilient material dividingthe interior of said chamber into at least two sections, said fuel inletopening into and said sleeve being disposed in a first of said sectionsand the second of said sections being closed and having a compressiblefluid disposed therein whereby said diaphragm and fluid will act toreduce pressure pulses of liquid fuel discharged into said firstsection.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said first and 5 second fuelmetering opening are elongated and extend longitudinally of said sleeveand jet and include a first pair of remote end portions greater intransverse dimensions than the transverse dimensions of a second pair ofremote end portions thereof.

3. The combination of claim 1 wherein said body includes a second fuelchamber including an inlet and a fuel outlet opening into said firstpassage, and an idle jet adjustably supported from said body andoperatively associated with second chamber outlet for controlling theflow of fuel therethrough.

4. The combination of claim 1 including connecting means operativelyconnecting said adjustable variable air valve means to said rotatablefuel jet for rotation of the latter in response to adjustment of saidvariable air valve means.

5. The combination of claim 4 wherein said air valve means includes abutterfly plate disposed in said air and fuel mixture passage mounted ona control shaft journaled from said body and having one end portiondisposed exteriorly of said body.

6. The combination of claim 5 wherein said connecting means comprisesgenerally parallel laterally projecting lever arms carried by saidcontrol shaft and fuel jet exteriorly of said body and a connecting linkwhose opposite ends are pivotally connected to the free ends of saidlever arms.

References (Iited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,828,115 3/1958 Register 261-51 X 3,130,247 4/ 1964 Little 261-50 3,160,681 12/1964 Johnson.

3,250,224 5/1966 Phillips et a1.

3,258,254 6/1966 Jakob 261-50 X 3,341,185 9/1967 Kennedy.

3,348,824 10/1967 Soubis 261-51 X FOREIGN PATENTS 511,674 9/1920 France.

10,528 12/1909 Great Britain.

TIM R. MILES, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 2615 1, 72

